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TOPIC - WISE DETAILS
1.Energy (Marks :
24)
Sun
as a source of energy - Absorption of solar
energy by the earth, photosynthesis, solar
heaters, solar cells; wind energy - wind mills;
electricity from sea waves. Sun as a source of
energy - Absorption of solar energy by the
earth, photosynthesis, solar heaters, solar
cells; wind energy - wind mills; electricity
from sea waves. Sun as a source of energy -
Absorption of solar energy by the earth,
photosynthesis, solar heaters, solar cells; wind
energy - wind mills; electricity from sea
waves.
Fuels - Bio
mass as a fuel - biogas, fossil fuels - coal,
types of coal; petroleum, fractional
distillation of petroleum, L.P.G., natural gas,
classification of fuels - solid, liquid and
gaseous fuels; characteristics of fuel calorfic
value of fuels and its determination, ignition
temperature, combustion of fuels, combustion of
food in living organisms; characteristics of an
ideal fuel.
Heat engines - Idea of conversion of
heat into work and vice - versa, meaning of
mechanical equivalent of heat - its
determination by Joule's experiment
(simple numerical based on work and energy
conversion). External combustion engine (basic
idea), working of internal combustion engines.
Nuclear energy -
Sources of the Sun's energy,
composition of sunlight; basic idea of atomic
nucleus, nuclear fusion, nuclear fission, chain
reaction, energy released during fission,
examples of uncontrolled fission and fusion,
simple idea of nuclear reactor and atomic power
plant. Radiation hazards. Energy crisis - causes
and possible solution for overcoming it.
2.Food and Health (Marks :
14)
Necessity of balanced diet - Diet and
nature of work, need and functions of nutrients,
vitamins, minerals. Sources of dietary proteins,
carbohydrates and fats, vitamins, minerals.
Deficiency diseases and their symptoms. Protein
energy malnutrition, mineral malnutrition.
Symptoms of diseases, effects of insufficiency,
control. Harmful effects of over intake,
obesity, and other complications, cardiovascular
disorder, mottling of teeth and flourish,
hypervitaminosis.
Wasteful Food Practices - Types of
wastage, defective practices - post harvesting,
mode of storage and distribution, traditional
systems, faulty methods of preservation.
Cooking, premarketing.
Food yield - different practices - use
of fertilizers and manures, proper irrigation,
nitrogen fixation, crop rotation, mixed
cropping, use of good hybrids, protection of
plants against diseases. Animal husbandry,
artificial insemination, care and management.
Food spoilage -
(a) Internal and external factors, (b)
Factors affecting the human health; Factors -
use of spoiled food, organic failure, metabolic
malfunctions, genetically transmitted diseases,
malignancies of different organs. Environmental
pollutants, contaminated water, causes and
transmission by physical contact or vectors.
Disorder caused by addiction to alcohol, smoking
and drugs.
Essentials for good health - Hygienic
habits and control of environmental pollution.
3.Environment and Living
Resources(Marks : 10)
Biosphere - Sources of energy, food
chain, food web, flow of energy.
Cycles of materials -
Carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, nitrogen
fixation, oxygen cycle, oxidation processes,
water cycle, mineral cycles (Na, K. Mg. Fe),
role of energy change in different cycles.
Ecological balance -
Man's role in disturbing the balance,
environment - physical, biotic and
socio-culture, efforts for maintenance of
ecological balance, recycling of waste materials
for ecological balance.
Living resources - Renewable and
non-renewable resources, exploitation of
resources, ecological crisis due to
deforestation, need for proper replenishment and
management of living resources, means of
replenishment through silviculture, conservation
and monitoring of wild life parks and
sanctuaries, wild life conservation, legislative
measures for protection of living resources.
4.Natural Resources(Marks :
17)
Water - Water as a natural resource,
origin of life in water, water as medium for the
activity of the living, water as a solvent,
saturated and unsaturated solution, sea water as
habitat of organism, salts from oceans, ocean
current, use of water. Dependence of man on
natural resources - minerals from earth metals
and non-metals, use of non-metals.
Carbon and its compounds -
Introduction, allotropes of carbon and their
occurrence, structure, related properly and
uses, Hydrocarbons and their elementary
structure, related property and uses, Isomerism
(elementary idea), preparation of methane and
ethane, simple compounds of carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen and their uses, petroleum products,
introductory account of synthetic fibers,
plastics, rubber, soaps and detergents.
Extraction of metals -
Metals and non - metals : occurrence,
general metallurgical operations for extraction
of pure metal (extraction of copper, iron and
aluminum), properties of metals and some alloys,
uses of metals and non - metals, their compounds
and some alloys at home and in industry, (refer
: non-metals silicon, sulphur and phosphorous).
5.Universe (Marks
: 10)
Space exploration -
history of space
exploration, applications of space science -
satellite communication, weather monitoring,
collection of information about other planets
and outer space.
Solar system - constituent of the
solar system, planets and satellites, age of
planets of the sun.
Universe - solar system and Milky way
galaxy, stars and constellations, life cycle of
stars (brief account), universe comprising
galaxies, expanding universe, origin of universe
- big Bang theory. Universe - solar system and
Milky way galaxy, stars and constellations, life
cycle of stars (brief account), universe
comprising galaxies, expanding universe, origin
of universe - big Bang theory.
Formation of earth -
organisation of
earth system, lithosphere, earth as a special
place.
Air - Role
of atmosphere in protection from radiation,
composition of atmosphere, water and particulate
matter in atmosphere, carbondioxide and its
adverse effect on living organisms, role of
trees, release of carbondioxide from fossil
fuels and automobiles, corrosion of metals,
damage of historical monuments from acidic
gases, toxic effect of metallic particles,
asbestos, etc. on living organisms, carbon
monoxide and its ill effects, smog, air
pollution, noise pollution and its effects on
human beings.
(B)PRACTICAL(Marks :
25)
1.
Energy
(1) To show (prove
experimentally) that during the day there is a
difference of temperature in the shade and the
sun.
(2) To measure and
record (tabulation) temperature of different
metals placed in the sun and interpret the
experimental data.
(3)
Construct a model of a solar cooker using
aluminum foil as a concave reflector (or any
other suitable reflection surface) and
demonstrate its use.
(4) Construct a model of a windmill and
show its usage of develop a working model using
unconventional sources of energy and show its
usage in day - to - day life.
(5) Develop
energy from waste material and show how it can
be used to do useful work. Identify and state
the underlying scientific principle.
2. Food and Health
1.
To test common food stuff for sugar, starch,
protein and fat.
2.
Study of culture of bakers yeast and moulds
occurring on different food items.
3. Study of micro-organisms
in pond/sewer water under the microscope.
4. Study of bacteria from
curd under the microscope.
5. To identify various deficiency diseases
of human beings using charts, models, figures
and to comment upon them.
6. To identify and comment on various
types of pests of stored foodgrains - insect
parasites in rice, wheat and pulses.
7. To identify some common
vectors (at least two) and comment on their role
in transmission of human disease.
3.
Environment
1. To reconstruct food
chains from given specimens / pictures of
organisms.
2. To provide
missing links in given food chains.
3. To provide missing link
in various mineral cycles.
4. Experiment to show that green plants
synthesise carbohydrates.
4. Natural Resources
1. To determine
percentage of water in the given plant
material.
2. To prepare
saturated solutions of common salt and sugar.
3. To prepare solutions of
various substances and identify them as true
solutions and suspensions.
4. To distil salt solution for preparing
pure water (salt free)
5. To collect different samples of water
from different sources and to test with soap
solution for identifying them as hard and soft
water.
6. To remove
temporary hardness of water by boiling.
7. To show the presence of
(I) water vapours (ii) dust particles (iii)
carbon dioxide in atmosphere.
8. To identify the products of combustion
of different kinds fuels.
9. To show rusting of iron in presence of
air and water and identify the conditions for
rusting of iron.
10. To
investigate the factors responsible for
pollution of air.
11. To
observe changes when sulphur is heated till it
boils.
12. To prepare
compost from
waste. |
