CBSE ANNUAL PAPER - 1999

SOCIAL SCIENCE

(SET-I)

Time Allowed : 3 Hours

Maximum Marks : 100

General Instructions :

1. The question paper is divided into 4 sections namely :

Section A - History - 35 Marks

Section B - Geography - 35 Marks

Section C - Civics- 20 Marks

Section D - Economics- 10 Marks

2. All questions compulsory

3. All questions of each section must be attempted together of one place.

4.(i)Answer to questions of 1 mark should not exceed 20 words each.

(ii) Answer to questions of 2 marks should not exceed 30 words each.

(iii) Answer to questions of 3 marks should not exceed 60 words each.

(iv) Answer to questions of 4 marks should not exceed 80 words each.

(v) Answer to questions of 5/6 marks should not exceed 100/120 words each.

6. Stencils or templates for drawing outline maps may be used wherever necessary.

7. Attach the maps provided within the answer book.

Mention two important events of 1917 which turned the course of the First World War.

The two important events of 1917 which turned the course of the First World War were :

(1) The US entry into the war when German boats attacked the ship carrying the Americans mistaken as English men.

(2) The Russian withdrawal following the October, 1917 revolution.

Describe two reforms introduced by the Russian Czar, Nicholas II after the 1905 revolution.

(2) He allowed the Parliament and granted certain powers to it.

Name any two organisations set up for African liberation movement.

(2) ANC (African National Congress) in 1919.

The Indian leaders opposed the Rowlatt Act in 1919 because the Act gave arbitrary powers to the police, i.e., the power to arrest the people merely on suspicion.

What is meant by Opium War ? Describe the effects of Opium War on China.

Opium War was fought between China and Britain in 1839. The British had profitable Opium trade but the Chinese suffered immensely both physically and morally. As the Chinese official seized the British Opium Cargo, there was a war between the two countries. The chinese lost the war.

The effects of the Opium War on China were :

(i) The Chinese were forced to pay the damages.

(ii) They were forced to open five port cities to the British traders.

(iii) The Chinese government agreed that the British subjects in these ports would be tried for any crimes in the English courts.

What is referred to as 'International Economic Order'? What is its importance in the present-day world.

The International Economic Order is referred to an economic order where the different economies of the wrld act in such a way that they do not exploit one another. It is an order where the economically back ward countries get assistance from the well-advanced countries with a view to build a mutually cooperative world. The importance of the International Economic Order is to reduce inequality between the rich and the poor countries so that all enjoy a standard of living on equal terms.

Why was social reform necessary in 19th century Indian? Examine the evils that crept in the society and religion of that period.

The social reform was necessary in the 19th century India because by this time, India and fairly become a socially backward nation. Numerous social evils such as Sati system, infaticide, child-marriage, and the like had crept in the country. There were religious evils which prevailed in India. Superstitions, out-moded rituals, religious, fanaticism, idol worship were very common. As a result of it, it was necessary that social reform movement should have launched in the country.

What does 'Resistance Movement' mean in the context of Second World War? Explain with examples its role in weakening of the Facist powers in Europe.

During the course of the Second World War, there had emerged resistance movements in every country invaded or occupied by the fascist powers. Even in the fascist countries, the resistance movement grew up. In Czechoslovakia, the movement was led by the communists, the socialists and the social democrats. In Poland, the movement began with the German invasion in 1939. The exiled Polish government guided the movement. These resistance movements weakened the fascist role in the occupied areas. The local support to the fascist role in the occupied areas. The local support to the fascists was missing and as these movement grew strength, the fascists had a face a lot of opposition.

Analyse the reasons for nationalist upsurge in India after Second World War.

The following reasons for the nationalist upsurge in India after the Second World War can be stated as under :

(a) The declaration of war in September, 1939 made the Indian leaders angry and they decided to oppose all war-times efforts.

(2) The Indian leaders, unhappy with the declaration of war, sought to pressurise the British government to help solve the Indian political problem.

(3) The early victories of the Axis powers, especially in Asia encouraged the Indian leaders to fight for their liberation with more vigour and zeal.

(4) The moral support of the Soviet Union and those extended by the US President, the Chinese leaders and the Australian Prime Minister gave to the Indians encouragement to unite and seek national freedom.

On the given outline map of Asia mark and show the following :

(ii) Two countries occupied by Japan after 1941.

(ii) Malaya, Burma ( now Myanmar)

SECTION - B ( CIVICS)

State any two methods of promoting national integration.

(1) We need national integration so to preserve the unity of the country.

(2) We need it so to accelerate our economic development.

How does boarding lead to black-marketing ? Explain.

Hoarding means keeping goods and commodities underground. It leads to scarcity which is unreal. Such a situation of false scarcity encourages black-marketing.

What is the difference between by-election an mid-term election ?

If a candidate elected from a constituency dies while in office or if the elected representative resigns, fresh elections so held are examples of by-election. If the legislature is dissolved before the expiry of its term, elections so held are called mid-term elections.

Give three reasons for the growing unemployment in urban areas.

The following are the main causes of the problem of unemployment in India :

(a) EVer-increasing population.

(b) General tendency of the people not to indulge in gainful employment.

(c) Lack of adequate means of employment.

What influence did the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have on the Indian Constitution ? What is its significance for the Indian people ?

Human Rights are those rights which are granted to human beings so to enable them to seek development.

Human rights include in the Universal Declaration of human right -

1. Right to freedom.

2. Right to equal wages for equal work.

3. Right to vote and participation in politics or administration.

4. Freedom of expression and thought.

1. Right to freedom : Right to freedom is cluster of several right for example

(i) Freedom to speech and expression

(ii) Freedom due to form unions and associations

(iii) Freedom to move freely within the territory of India and like in any part of India.

(iv) Freedom to practice any profession or occupation.

2. Right to equal wages for equal work : All the citizen or men or women have the right of equal wages for equal work.

3. Right to vote and participation in politics or administration : Every citizen has right to cast his vote according to his own wish. No one can force him. It is own wish to use for anyone he likes.

4. Freedom of expression and thought : Every human being has freedom of expression and thought.

Explain the role of Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers in the Parliamentary democracy in India. What is the significance of 'collective responsibility' in this context ?

The Prime Minister, in India, is the strongest of all the ministers and this makes his position one of pre-eminence. This is so because of the following reasons :

(1) The Prime Minister recommends the appointment of other ministers.

(2) He/She allocates portfolios among the ministers.

(3) He/She supervises the functioning of the departments of all the ministers.

(4) He/she acts as a link between the President and the Council of Ministers.

(5) He/she is the Chief advisor of the President.

(6) He/She is the spokesman of the government and as such, is the head of the government.

SECTION - C (GEOGRAPHY)

In the given outline map of India, locate the following carefully with appropriate symbols and write the name of each item near its location :

Study the date given below carefully and answer the following questions :

Name the coldest station. Also name the station located in the south of Trophic of Cancer.

Name the station which receives precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall as well. Write annual amount of precipitation of the same station.

Which parallel of latitude passes through the middle of India ? Mention its value in degrees. What is its effect on the climate of India ?

India extends between latitude 8 deg. 4' and 37 deg. 6' North. This means that India lies in the Northern Hemisphere. The effect of this on the climate of India is that India has tropical and sub-trophical climate. The tropic of cancer divides India into two equal parts.

Write two differences between 'glacier' and 'river'. Name one glacier lying in Uttar Pradesh. Also name the river rising from this glacier.

(1) Indiscriminate felling of the forests trees should be stopped.

(2) Wild life should be protected : bio-sphere reserves should be set - up.

Name two agro-based industries, except sugar industry. The sugar industry is now shifting from north to south. Mention two reasons for it.

The sugar industry is shifting from north to south for reasons given below :

(1) The sugar content in the sugarcane produced in the south is higher than in north.

(2) The cooperpative sector is well-developed in the south and this suits sugar industry which is a seasonal industry.

(i) Explain two measures to stop increase in the area of waste land.

(ii) Explain with two reasons how Damodar Valley Project has helped in managing water resources of river Damodar.

b. Overgrazing should not be encouraged.

(ii) a. Construction of dams and (b) laying of multi-purpose river projects have helped managed water resources of river Damodar.

(i) Distinguish between thermal power and water power. Explain two points.

(1) Thermal electricity is produced through conventional resources such as coal and petroleum; hydroelectricity is produced through non-conventional resources such as water.

(2) Thermal projects are more expensive then hydro projects.

(3) Thermal projects serve limited areas then those of the hydro-electricity projects.

(4) Thermal electricity depends on fuels, and as such are exhaustible.

(ii) Annual production of gold has been dwindling in India. Explain giving two reasons for it.

Gold comes from Kolar mines. The two reasons for its dwindling in India are :

(1) India is poor in non-ferrous minerals like gold.

(2) She is poorly placed in gold-ore.

'Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in the production of cereals.' Explain giving four points for it.

(i) It has helped immensely in the production of cereals.

(ii) Immense production has been able to achieve self-sufficiency.

(iii) Use of fertilizers too has increased the produciton.

(iv) Irrigational facilities have taken production to the maximum.

Discuss rail transport briefly under the following heads :

(ii) Computer reservation

(i) Intensive utilisation of work

(a) Running track has increased from 59315 km in 1951 to 77135 in 1986; number of wagons and coaches have increased.

(ii) Computer reservation :

a. Computer reservation saves time.

b. It provides facilities of the commuters.

c. It facilitate quick work.

SECTION - D (ECONOMICS)

Briefly write the goals given in the Preamble of the India Constitution.

Liberty : of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship.

Equality : of status and of opportunity.

Fraternity : assuring the dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of India.

Developing economy faces special problems of unemployment. Write three factors responsible for these problems.

(b) Traditional modes of farming does not absorb too many people in agriculture.

(c) Increasing poverty and illiteracy too have generated unemployment.

(i) Distinguish between 'disguised unemployment' and 'seasonal unemployment'.

(ii) Explain with two reasons why Indian agriculture is in a relatively poor condition.

(i) a. 'Disguised unemployment' is caused due to primitive methods of production in agriculture; seasonal unemployment is caused due to lean season.

(b) Disguised unemployment' is the result of the faulty land ownership laws; seasonal unemployment is the result of lesser avenues of employment.

(ii) a. The Indian agriculture has not yet fully adopted the modern farm technology.

b. The irrigational facilities are too inadequate.